Just as in bandaging, it is always best to keep splinting as simple as possible. If EMS is on the way and is expected to arrive shortly, simply keep the patient from moving the injured extremity and make them as comfortable as possible. Patients will usually put themselves in a position of comfort. An example of this is a patient with broken arm cradling it against their body and securing it with their other arm. If the patient is comfortable and EMS is close, leave them where they are. If you need to splint because EMS is some distance away, you will need to remember these key concepts:

You may not have a first aid kit close by and may not have splints handy. By using items located around you and a little common sense you can create great splints. Items like rolled up newspapers or magazines, umbrellas, broom handles or pillows work well in a pinch. Always remember to pad the splint with towels or clothing and secure the splint with a bandage.

Injured fingers can be splinted to each other simply by taping them together. The same is true of an injured leg. Arms can be splinted to the body by wrapping bandages around the patient's torso or having them hold the injured arm. Ankles can be splinted by wrapping a large pillow around the foot and ankle and taping it in place. Utilizing these simple principles will help prevent damage to surrounding nerves and blood vessels. When EMS arrives, they will have a variety of specialty splints designed to stabilize these injuries.

Circulation -- Try to locate the pulse beyond the fracture site. If unsure, you may also check for capillary refill.

Motor Function -- The patient should be able to move or wiggle the fingers or toes of a splinted extremity.

Sensation -- Gently touch the skin beyond the fracture site to determine if feeling remains.

Collectively, these three tests check for the major concerns that remain after a fracture is splinted. Report to EMS the function of circulation, motor skills 8. sensation.

Checking capillary is a good way of evaluating circulation. Push on patient's fingernail. The color should return before you can say "capillary refill".